biotite.sequence.CodonTable

class biotite.sequence.CodonTable(codon_dict, starts)[source]

Bases: object

A CodonTable maps a codon (sequence of 3 nucleotides) to an amino acid. It also defines start codons. A CodonTable takes/outputs either the symbols or code of the codon/amino acid.

Furthermore, this class is able to give a list of codons that corresponds to a given amino acid.

The load() method allows loading of NCBI codon tables.

Objects of this class are immutable.

Parameters
codon_dictdict of (str -> str)

A dictionary that maps codons to amino acids. The keys must be strings of length 3 and the values strings of length 1 (all upper case). The dictionary must provide entries for all 64 possible codons.

startsiterable object of str

The start codons. Each entry must be a string of length 3 (all upper case).

Examples

Get the amino acid coded by a given codon (symbol and code):

>>> table = CodonTable.default_table()
>>> print(table["ATG"])
M
>>> print(table[(1,2,3)])
14

Get the codons coding for a given amino acid (symbol and code):

>>> table = CodonTable.default_table()
>>> print(table["M"])
('ATG',)
>>> print(table[14])
((0, 2, 0), (0, 2, 2), (1, 2, 0), (1, 2, 1), (1, 2, 2), (1, 2, 3))
codon_dict(code=False)

Get the codon to amino acid mappings dictionary.

Parameters
codebool

If true, the dictionary contains keys and values as code. Otherwise, the dictionary contains strings for codons and amino acid. (Default: False)

Returns
codon_dictdict

The dictionary mapping codons to amino acids.

static default_table()

The default codon table. The table is equal to the NCBI “Standard” codon table, with the difference that only “ATG” is a start codon.

Returns
tableCodonTable

The default codon table.

is_start_codon(codon_codes)
static load(table_name)

Load a NCBI codon table.

Parameters
table_namestr or int

If a string is given, it is interpreted as official NCBI codon table name (e.g. “Vertebrate Mitochondrial”). An integer is interpreted as NCBI codon table ID.

Returns
tableCodonTable

The NCBI codon table.

map_codon_codes(codon_codes)

Efficiently map multiple codons to the corresponding amino acids.

Parameters
codon_codesndarray, dtype=int, shape=(n,3)

The codons to be translated into amino acids. The codons are given as symbol codes. n is the amount of codons.

Returns
aa_codesndarray, dtype=int, shape=(n,)

The amino acids as symbol codes.

Examples

>>> dna = NucleotideSequence("ATGGTTTAA")
>>> sequence_code = dna.code
>>> print(sequence_code)
[0 3 2 2 3 3 3 0 0]
>>> # Reshape to get codons
>>> codon_codes = sequence_code.reshape(-1, 3)
>>> print(codon_codes)
[[0 3 2]
 [2 3 3]
 [3 0 0]]
>>> # Map to amino acids
>>> aa_codes = CodonTable.default_table().map_codon_codes(codon_codes)
>>> print(aa_codes)
[10 17 23]
>>> # Put into a protein sequence
>>> protein = ProteinSequence()
>>> protein.code = aa_codes
>>> print(protein)
MV*
start_codons(code=False)

Get the start codons of the codon table.

Parameters
codebool

If true, the code will be returned instead of strings. (Default: False)

Returns
start_codonstuple

The start codons. Contains strings or tuples, depending on the code parameter.

static table_names()

The possible codon table names for load().

Returns
nameslist of str

List of valid codon table names.

with_codon_mappings(codon_dict)

Create an new CodonTable with partially changed codon mappings.

Parameters
codon_dictdict of (str -> str)

The changed codon mappings.

Returns
new_tableCodonTable

The codon table with changed codon mappings.

with_start_codons(starts)

Create an new CodonTable with the same codon mappings, but changed start codons.

Parameters
startsiterable object of str

The new start codons.

Returns
new_tableCodonTable

The codon table with the new start codons.