.. DO NOT EDIT. .. THIS FILE WAS AUTOMATICALLY GENERATED BY SPHINX-GALLERY. .. TO MAKE CHANGES, EDIT THE SOURCE PYTHON FILE: .. "examples/gallery/structure/leontis_westhof.py" .. LINE NUMBERS ARE GIVEN BELOW. .. only:: html .. note:: :class: sphx-glr-download-link-note :ref:`Go to the end ` to download the full example code .. rst-class:: sphx-glr-example-title .. _sphx_glr_examples_gallery_structure_leontis_westhof.py: Leontis-Westhof Nomenclature ============================ In this example we plot a secondary structure diagram annotated with Leontis-Westhof nomenclature :footcite:`Leontis2001` of the sarcin-ricin loop from E. coli (PDB ID: 6ZYB). .. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 9-78 .. code-block:: Python # Code source: Tom David Müller # License: BSD 3 clause from tempfile import gettempdir import biotite import biotite.structure.io.pdb as pdb import biotite.database.rcsb as rcsb import biotite.structure as struc import biotite.structure.graphics as graphics import matplotlib.pyplot as plt import numpy as np # Download the PDB file and read the structure pdb_file_path = rcsb.fetch("6ZYB", "pdb", gettempdir()) pdb_file = pdb.PDBFile.read(pdb_file_path) atom_array = pdb.get_structure(pdb_file)[0] nucleotides = atom_array[struc.filter_nucleotides(atom_array)] # Compute the base pairs and the Leontis-Westhof nomenclature base_pairs = struc.base_pairs(nucleotides) glycosidic_bonds = struc.base_pairs_glycosidic_bond(nucleotides, base_pairs) edges = struc.base_pairs_edge(nucleotides, base_pairs) base_pairs = struc.get_residue_positions( nucleotides, base_pairs.flatten() ).reshape(base_pairs.shape) # Get the one-letter-codes of the bases base_labels = [] for base in struc.residue_iter(nucleotides): base_labels.append(base.res_name[0]) # Color canonical Watson-Crick base pairs with a darker orange and # non-canonical base pairs with a lighter orange colors = np.full(base_pairs.shape[0], biotite.colors['brightorange']) for i, (base1, base2) in enumerate(base_pairs): name1 = base_labels[base1] name2 = base_labels[base2] if sorted([name1, name2]) in [["A", "U"], ["C", "G"]]: colors[i] = biotite.colors["dimorange"] # Use the base labels to indicate the Leontis-Westhof nomenclature for bases, edge_types, orientation in zip(base_pairs, edges, glycosidic_bonds): for base, edge in zip(bases, edge_types): if orientation == 1: annotation = "c" else: annotation = "t" if edge == 1: annotation += "W" elif edge == 2: annotation += "H" else: annotation += "S" base_labels[base] = annotation # Create a matplotlib pyplot fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(8.0, 8.0)) # Plot the secondary structure graphics.plot_nucleotide_secondary_structure( ax, base_labels, base_pairs, struc.get_residue_count(nucleotides), bond_color=colors ) # Display the plot plt.show() .. image-sg:: /examples/gallery/structure/images/sphx_glr_leontis_westhof_001.png :alt: leontis westhof :srcset: /examples/gallery/structure/images/sphx_glr_leontis_westhof_001.png :class: sphx-glr-single-img .. rst-class:: sphx-glr-script-out .. code-block:: none /usr/share/miniconda3/envs/test/lib/python3.10/site-packages/biotite/structure/hbond.py:245: UserWarning: Input structure has no associated 'BondList', Hydrogen atoms bonded to donors are detected by distance warnings.warn( .. GENERATED FROM PYTHON SOURCE LINES 79-101 The sarcin-ricin loop is part of the 23s rRNA and is considered crucial to the ribosome‘s activity. The incorporation of the Leontis-Westhof nomenclature into the 2D-plot shows how the individual base pairs are oriented and how their glycosidic bonds are oriented relative to each other. This visualization enables one to see a pattern that cannot be communicated through the 2D structure alone. The upper part of the sarcin-ricin loop consists of only cis (c) oriented glycosidic bonds. All bases interact through their Watson-Crick edge (W). On the other hand, the lower part of the sarcin ricin loop looks strikingly different. The glycosidic bonds are oriented in cis (c) and trans (t) orientation. The bases interact through all three edges: Watson-Crick (W), Hoogsteen (H), and Sugar (S). Thus, it can be concluded that the upper part of the sarcin ricin loop represents a highly organized helix, while the lower part of the loop is comparatively unorganized. References ---------- .. footbibliography:: .. _sphx_glr_download_examples_gallery_structure_leontis_westhof.py: .. only:: html .. container:: sphx-glr-footer sphx-glr-footer-example .. container:: sphx-glr-download sphx-glr-download-jupyter :download:`Download Jupyter notebook: leontis_westhof.ipynb ` .. container:: sphx-glr-download sphx-glr-download-python :download:`Download Python source code: leontis_westhof.py ` .. only:: html .. rst-class:: sphx-glr-signature `Gallery generated by Sphinx-Gallery `_